When appraisers evaluate a house, they conduct a thorough assessment to determine its fair market value. This process involves both a physical inspection of the property and an analysis of comparable sales in the area. Here’s what an appraiser typically checks:
Key Areas Appraisers Examine
Physical Condition and StructureOverall condition of the home, including visible cracks, damages, leaks, or signs of neglect.Age and quality of key structural elements: foundation, roof, walls, windows, and exterior siding.Condition of the basement, attic, or crawl space, and whether these areas are finished or unfinished.Size and LayoutSquare footage of living space, number of bedrooms and bathrooms, and the overall layout and functionality.Presence and quality of additional spaces like garages, decks, patios, or accessory dwelling units (ADUs).Interior FeaturesFlooring, walls, trim, and finishes (e.g., hardwood floors, granite countertops).Condition and type of appliances (refrigerator, oven, dishwasher, etc.) and major systems (HVAC, water heater).Type and visible condition of lighting, plumbing and electrical equipment; detailed technical testing is a separate service.Exterior FeaturesQuality and condition of roofing, exterior walls, windows, and landscaping.Amenities such as swimming pools, fireplaces, or sprinkler systems.Safety and CompliancePresence of safety features and potential hazards (e.g., water damage, infestation, chipped or flaking paint, especially if lead-based).Neighborhood and LocationLocation factors: proximity to schools, public transport, shopping, and local amenities.Lot and Site CharacteristicsSize and topography of the lot, vehicular access, and any zoning or easement issues.Site grading and visible drainage conditions.Home ImprovementsRecent upgrades or renovations, such as updated kitchens, bathrooms, new windows, or energy-efficient features.The Appraisal Process
On-site inspection: The appraiser visits the property, measures rooms, takes notes, and photographs key features.Comparables research: The appraiser reviews recent sales of similar homes in the area to benchmark the property’s value.Report generation: The agreed report explains the property information, evidence and value conclusion for its intended use.What Appraisers Do NOT Check
Appraisers do not perform detailed inspections of mechanical systems or look for hidden defects-that is the role of a home inspector.They focus on permanent, fixed features and not on décor or removable items.An appraisal considers size, layout, amenities, visible condition, location and relevant sales. It does not certify structural integrity or replace a detailed condition inspection.